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Thiruvalluvar

Thirukkural of Thiruvalluvar, English Translation and Commentary by Rev.Dr.G.U.Pope, Rev.W.H.Drew, Rev.John Lazarus and Mr.F.W.Ellis


Wealth

7. The Essentials of a State

77 : The Excellence of an Army

Poem : 761

A conquering host, complete in all its limbs, that fears no wound,
Mid treasures of the king is chiefest found.

Explanation :
The army which is complete in (its) parts and conquers without fear of wounds is the chief wealth of the king.


Poem : 762

In adverse hour, to face undaunted might of conquering foe,
Is bravery that only veteran host can show.

Explanation :
Ancient army can alone have the valour which makes it stand by its king at the time of defeat, fearless of wounds and unmindful of its reduced strength.


Poem : 763

Though, like the sea, the angry mice send forth their battle cry;
What then? The dragon breathes upon them, and they die!

Explanation :
What if (a host of) hostile rats roar like the sea ? They will perish at the mere breath of the cobra.


Poem : 764

That is a host, by no defeats, by no desertions shamed,
For old hereditary courage famed.

Explanation :
That indeed is an army which has stood firm of old without suffering destruction or deserting (to the enemy).


Poem : 765

That is a 'host' that joins its ranks, and mightily withstands,
Though death with sudden wrath should fall upon its bands.

Explanation :
That indeed is an army which is capable of offering a united resistance, even if Yama advances against it with fury.


Poem : 766

Valour with honour, sure advance in glory's path, with confidence;
To warlike host these four are sure defence.

Explanation :
Valour, honour, following in the excellent-footsteps (of its predecessors) and trustworthiness; these four alone constitute the safeguard of an army.


Poem : 767

A valiant army bears the onslaught, onward goes,
Well taught with marshalled ranks to meet their coming foes.

Explanation :
That is an army which knowing the art of warding off an impending struggle, can bear against the dust-van (of a hostile force).


Poem : 768

Though not in war offensive or defensive skilled;
An army gains applause when well equipped and drilled.

Explanation :
Though destitute of courage to fight and strength (to endure), an army may yet gain renown by the splendour of its appearance.


Poem : 769

Where weakness, clinging fear and poverty
Are not, the host will gain the victory.

Explanation :
An army can triumph (over its foes) if it is free from diminution; irremediable aversion and poverty.


Poem : 770

Though men abound, all ready for the war,
No army is where no fit leaders are.

Explanation :
Though an army may contain a large number of permanent soldiers, it cannot last if it has no generals.


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