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Thiruvalluvar

Thirukkural of Thiruvalluvar, English Translation and Commentary by Rev.Dr.G.U.Pope, Rev.W.H.Drew, Rev.John Lazarus and Mr.F.W.Ellis


Wealth

5. Royalty

39 : The Greatness of a King

Poem : 381

An army, people, wealth, a minister, friends, fort: six things-
Who owns them all, a lion lives amid the kings.

Explanation :
He who possesses these six things, an army, a people, wealth, ministers, friends and a fortress, is a lion among kings.


Poem : 382

Courage, a liberal hand, wisdom, and energy: these four
Are qualities a king adorn for evermore.

Explanation :
Never to fail in these four things, fearlessness, liberality, wisdom, and energy, is the kingly character.


Poem : 383

A sleepless promptitude, knowledge, decision strong:
These three for aye to rulers of the land belong.

Explanation :
These three things, viz., vigilance, learning, and bravery, should never be wanting in the ruler of a country.


Poem : 384

Kingship, in virtue failing not, all vice restrains,
In courage failing not, it honour's grace maintains.

Explanation :
He is a king who, with manly modesty, swerves not from virtue, and refrains from vice.


Poem : 385

A king is he who treasure gains, stores up, defends,
And duly for his kingdom's weal expends.

Explanation :
He is a king who is able to acquire (wealth), to lay it up, to guard, and to distribute it.


Poem : 386

Where king is easy of access, where no harsh word repels,
That land's high praises every subject swells.

Explanation :
The whole world will exalt the country of the king who is easy of access, and who is free from harsh language.


Poem : 387

With pleasant speech, who gives and guards with powerful liberal hand,
He sees the world obedient all to his command.

Explanation :
The world will praise and submit itself to the mind of the king who is able to give with affability, and to protect all who come to him.


Poem : 388

Who guards the realm and justice strict maintains,
That king as god o'er subject people reigns.

Explanation :
That king, will be esteemed a God among men, who performs his own duties, and protects (his subjects).


Poem : 389

The king of worth, who can words bitter to his ear endure,
Beneath the shadow of his power the world abides secure.

Explanation :
The whole world will dwell under the umbrella of the king, who can bear words that embitter the ear.


Poem : 390

Gifts, grace, right sceptre, care of people's weal;
These four a light of dreaded kings reveal.

Explanation :
He is the light of kings who has there four things, beneficence, benevolence, rectitude, and care for his people.


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